PXE网络安装CentOS 7.1，安装环境：
先安装一台桌面版CentOS（使用CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1503-01.iso安装），作为启动服务器，ip为192.168.72.32。
1 | #安装http、tftp、dhcp服务 |
2 | yum install httpd tftp-server dhcp |
3 |
4 | #安装syslinux，安装后才有文件 /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 |
5 | yum install syslinux |
6 |
7 | #安装system-config-kickstart配置启动文件， |
8 | yum install system-config-kickstart |
1 | #DHCP配置 |
2 | cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf |
DHCP配置文件修改
01 | # cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf |
02 | # dhcpd.conf |
03 | # |
04 | # Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd |
05 | # |
06 |
07 | # option definitions common to all supported networks... |
08 | #domain-name 修改为对应名称 |
09 | option domain-name "localhost"; |
10 | option domain-name-servers 223.5.5.5, 223.6.6.6; |
11 |
12 | default-lease-time 600; |
13 | max-lease-time 7200; |
14 |
15 | # Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally. |
16 | #ddns-update-style none; |
17 |
18 | # If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local |
19 | # network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented. |
20 | #authoritative; |
21 |
22 | # Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also |
23 | # have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection). |
24 | log-facility local7; |
25 |
26 | # No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the |
27 | # DHCP server to understand the network topology. |
28 |
29 |
30 | subnet 192.168.72.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { |
31 | range 192.168.72.243 192.168.72.250; |
32 | option routers 192.168.72.1; |
33 | next-server 192.168.72.32; #TFTP服务器IP |
34 | filename "pxelinux.0"; |
35 |
36 | } |
#tftp配置，disable = no
01 | # cat /etc/xinetd.d/tftp |
02 | # default: off |
03 | # description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \ |
04 | # protocol. The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \ |
05 | # workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \ |
06 | # and to start the installation process for some operating systems. |
07 | service tftp |
08 | { |
09 | socket_type = dgram |
10 | protocol = udp |
11 | wait = yes |
12 | user = root |
13 | server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd |
14 | server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot |
15 | disable = no #修改 |
16 | per_source = 11 |
17 | cps = 100 2 |
18 | flags = IPv4 |
19 | } |
httpd配置
1 | cd /etc/httpd/conf.d/ |
2 | #移除并备份conf文件，目的不显示测试页面 |
3 | mv autoindex.conf autoindex.conf.bak |
4 | mv userdir.conf userdir.conf.bak |
5 | mv welcome.conf welcome.conf.bak |
6 |
7 | #http目录文件准备 |
8 | mkdir /var/www/html/centos |
9 | mount ~/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1503-01.iso /var/www/html/centos |
/var/www/html/ks.cfg 文件配置
01 | # cat /var/www/html/ks.cfg |
02 | #platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T |
03 | #version=DEVEL |
04 | # Install OS instead of upgrade |
05 | install |
06 | # Keyboard layouts |
07 | keyboard 'us'# Reboot after installation |
08 | reboot |
09 | # Root password |
10 | rootpw --iscrypted $1$BhbE2ZLC$D/XPM6Jscst055R3X0nLp. |
11 | # System timezone |
12 | timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc |
13 | # Use network installation |
14 | url --url="http://192.168.72.32/centos" #最后面不需要加 / |
15 | # System language |
16 | lang en_US |
17 | # Firewall configuration |
18 | firewall --disabled |
19 | # Network information |
20 | network --bootproto=dhcp --device=ens0 --onboot=yes --noipv6 --hostname=pxe_one |
21 | # System authorization information |
22 | auth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512 |
23 | # Use graphical install |
24 | graphical |
25 | firstboot --disable |
26 | # SELinux configuration |
27 | selinux --disabled |
28 |
29 | # System bootloader configuration |
30 | # 新硬盘需要创建mbr |
31 | bootloader --location=mbr |
32 | # Clear the Master Boot Record |
33 | zerombr |
34 | # Partition clearing information |
35 | clearpart --all --initlabel |
36 | # Disk partitioning information |
37 | part / --asprimary --fstype="xfs" --size=20480 |
38 | part /boot --asprimary --fstype="xfs" --size=512 |
39 | part swap --asprimary --fstype="swap" --size=2048 |
40 | part /data --asprimary --fstype="xfs" --grow --size=1 |
41 |
42 | %packages |
43 | @core |
44 | #@chinese-support |
45 | #iptraf |
46 | #vim |
47 | #openssh-server |
48 | #ntp |
49 | #wget |
50 |
51 | %end |
http根目录结构
01 | # tree -aL 2 /var/www/html/ |
02 | /var/www/html/ |
03 | ├── centos |
04 | │ ├── CentOS_BuildTag |
05 | │ ├── .discinfo |
06 | │ ├── EFI |
07 | │ ├── EULA |
08 | │ ├── GPL |
09 | │ ├── images |
10 | │ ├── isolinux |
11 | │ ├── LiveOS |
12 | │ ├── Packages |
13 | │ ├── repodata |
14 | │ ├── RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 |
15 | │ ├── RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7 |
16 | │ ├── TRANS.TBL |
17 | │ └── .treeinfo |
18 | └── ks.cfg |
19 |
20 | 7 directories, 9 files |
tftp目录文件准备
01 | #tftp目录文件准备 |
02 | cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/ |
03 | mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg |
04 | cp /var/www/html/centos/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default |
05 | cp /var/www/html/centos/images/pxeboot/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/ |
06 | cp /var/www/html/centos/isolinux/{vesamenu.c32,boot.msg,splash.png} /var/lib/tftpboot/ |
07 |
08 | # tree /var/lib/tftpboot/ |
09 | /var/lib/tftpboot/ |
10 | ├── boot.msg |
11 | ├── initrd.img |
12 | ├── pxelinux.0 |
13 | ├── pxelinux.cfg |
14 | │ └── default |
15 | ├── splash.png |
16 | ├── vesamenu.c32 |
17 | └── vmlinuz |
18 |
19 | 1 directory, 7 files |
/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default 文件
001 | # cat /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default |
002 | default vesamenu.c32 |
003 | timeout 60 |
004 |
005 | display boot.msg |
006 |
007 | # Clear the screen when exiting the menu, instead of leaving the menu displayed. |
008 | # For vesamenu, this means the graphical background is still displayed without |
009 | # the menu itself for as long as the screen remains in graphics mode. |
010 | menu clear |
011 | menu background splash.png |
012 | menu title CentOS 7 |
013 | menu vshift 8 |
014 | menu rows 18 |
015 | menu margin 8 |
016 | #menu hidden |
017 | menu helpmsgrow 15 |
018 | menu tabmsgrow 13 |
019 |
020 | # Border Area |
021 | menu color border * #00000000 #00000000 none |
022 |
023 | # Selected item |
024 | menu color sel 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none |
025 |
026 | # Title bar |
027 | menu color title 0 #ff7ba3d0 #00000000 none |
028 |
029 | # Press [Tab] message |
030 | menu color tabmsg 0 #ff3a6496 #00000000 none |
031 |
032 | # Unselected menu item |
033 | menu color unsel 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none |
034 |
035 | # Selected hotkey |
036 | menu color hotsel 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none |
037 |
038 | # Unselected hotkey |
039 | menu color hotkey 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none |
040 |
041 | # Help text |
042 | menu color help 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none |
043 |
044 | # A scrollbar of some type? Not sure. |
045 | menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #ff355594 none |
046 |
047 | # Timeout msg |
048 | menu color timeout 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none |
049 | menu color timeout_msg 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none |
050 |
051 | # Command prompt text |
052 | menu color cmdmark 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none |
053 | menu color cmdline 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none |
054 |
055 | # Do not display the actual menu unless the user presses a key. All that is displayed is a timeout message. |
056 |
057 | menu tabmsg Press Tab for full configuration options on menu items. |
058 |
059 | menu separator # insert an empty line |
060 | menu separator # insert an empty line |
061 |
062 | label linux |
063 | menu label ^Install CentOS 7 |
064 | menu default |
065 | kernel vmlinuz |
066 | # append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOS\x207\x20x86_64 quiet |
067 | append initrd=initrd.img inst.ks=http://192.168.72.32/ks.cfg quiet |
068 |
069 | label check |
070 | menu label Test this ^media & install CentOS 7 |
071 | kernel vmlinuz |
072 | append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOS\x207\x20x86_64 rd.live.check quiet |
073 |
074 | menu separator # insert an empty line |
075 |
076 | # utilities submenu |
077 | menu begin ^Troubleshooting |
078 | menu title Troubleshooting |
079 |
080 | label vesa |
081 | menu indent count 5 |
082 | menu label Install CentOS 7 in ^basic graphics mode |
083 | text help |
084 | Try this option out if you're having trouble installing |
085 | CentOS 7. |
086 | endtext |
087 | kernel vmlinuz |
088 | append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOS\x207\x20x86_64 xdriver=vesa nomodeset quiet |
089 |
090 | label rescue |
091 | menu indent count 5 |
092 | menu label ^Rescue a CentOS system |
093 | text help |
094 | If the system will not boot, this lets you access files |
095 | and edit config files to try to get it booting again. |
096 | endtext |
097 | kernel vmlinuz |
098 | append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOS\x207\x20x86_64 rescue quiet |
099 |
100 | label memtest |
101 | menu label Run a ^memory test |
102 | text help |
103 | If your system is having issues, a problem with your |
104 | system's memory may be the cause. Use this utility to |
105 | see if the memory is working correctly. |
106 | endtext |
107 | kernel memtest |
108 |
109 | menu separator # insert an empty line |
110 |
111 | label local |
112 | menu label Boot from ^local drive |
113 | localboot 0xffff |
114 |
115 | menu separator # insert an empty line |
116 | menu separator # insert an empty line |
117 |
118 | label returntomain |
119 | menu label Return to ^main menu |
120 | menu exit |
121 |
122 | menu end |
启动服务器
01 | #启动服务器 |
02 | iptables -F |
03 | systemctl start httpd.service |
04 | systemctl status httpd.service |
05 | systemctl enable httpd.service |
06 |
07 | systemctl start dhcpd.service |
08 | systemctl status dhcpd.service |
09 | systemctl enable dhcpd.service |
10 |
11 | systemctl start xinetd.service |
12 | systemctl status xinetd.service |
13 | systemctl enable xinetd.service |
14 |
15 | systemctl start tftp.socket |
16 | systemctl status tftp.socket |
17 | systemctl enable tftp.socket |
18 |
19 | systemctl start tftp.service |
20 | systemctl status tftp.service |
21 | systemctl enable tftp.service |
查看服务端口是否正常
1 | #查看服务端口是否正常 tcp-80、udp-67、udp-69 |
2 | ss -tilnp |
3 | ss -uilnp |
4 | #或 |
5 | netstat -nat |
6 | netstat -nau |
7 |
8 | #查看dhcp地址分配情况 |
9 | /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases |
